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02-HttpClient工具类 ​

httpClient实现 ​

pom.xml ​

xml
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
   <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
   <version>4.5.14</version>
</dependency>

get请求 ​

java
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class ApacheHttpClientExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String url = "http://example.com/api"; // 替换为实际请求的URL

        try (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault()) {
            // 添加请求参数
            String param1 = "value1";
            String param2 = "value2";
            String fullUrl = url + "?param1=" + param1 + "&param2=" + param2;

            HttpGet get = new HttpGet(fullUrl);
            // 添加请求头
            get.setHeader("Authorization", "Bearer your_token"); // 替换为实际Token
            // 添加请求Cookie
            get.setHeader("Cookie", "name=value");

            // 执行请求
            HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
            // 打印响应结果
            String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
            System.out.println("Response Body: " + responseBody);

            // 打印返回头信息
            System.out.println("Response Headers:");
            for (org.apache.http.Header header : response.getAllHeaders()) {
                System.out.println(header.getName() + ": " + header.getValue());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

post请求 ​

java
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class ApacheHttpClientExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String url = "http://example.com/api"; // 替换为实际的 URL
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        
        try {
            HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
            
            // 设置请求头
            post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
            post.setHeader("Authorization", "Bearer your_token"); // 替换为实际的 token
            
            // 设置 Cookie
            post.setHeader("Cookie", "key=value"); // 替换为实际的 cookie
            
            // 设置请求参数（JSON 格式）
            String json = "{\"param1\":\"value1\",\"param2\":\"value2\"}"; // 替换为实际的参数
            post.setEntity(new StringEntity(json));
            
            // 执行请求
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
            try {
                HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
                
                // 打印响应结果
                String result = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
                System.out.println("Response: " + result);
                
                // 打印返回头信息
                System.out.println("Response Headers:");
                for (org.apache.http.Header header : response.getAllHeaders()) {
                    System.out.println(header.getName() + ": " + header.getValue());
                }
            } finally {
                response.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                httpClient.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

工具类 ​

java
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContexts;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;


/**
 * httpClient 请求工具类
 */
@Slf4j
public class HttpClientUtil {

    private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm;

    static {
        cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        //设置最大连接数
        cm.setMaxTotal(100);

        //设置每个主机的最大连接数
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(10);
    }

    //设置请求信息
    private static RequestConfig getConfig() {
        RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectTimeout(1000)    //创建连接的最长时间
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(500)  // 获取连接的最长时间
                .setSocketTimeout(10000)    //数据传输的最长时间
                .build();
        return config;
    }


    /**
     * 根据请求地址下载页面数据
     *
     * @param url
     * @return 页面数据
     */
    public static String doGetHtml(String url) {
        //获取HttpClient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        //创建httpGet请求对象，设置url地址
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        //设置请求信息
        httpGet.setConfig(getConfig());
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            //使用HttpClient发起请求，获取响应
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
            //解析响应，返回结果
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                //判断响应体Entity是否不为空，如果不为空就可以使用EntityUtils
                if (response.getEntity() != null) {
                    String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf8");
                    return content;
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //关闭response
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        //返回空串
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * 下载图片
     *
     * @param url        需要下载的url
     * @param targetPath 下载的文件夹路径
     * @return 图片名称
     */
    public static String doGetImage(String url, String targetPath) {
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            //获取HttpClient对象
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
                    .setConnectionManager(cm).build();
            //创建httpGet请求对象，设置url地址
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            //设置请求信息
            httpGet.setConfig(getConfig());
            //使用HttpClient发起请求，获取响应
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
            //解析响应，返回结果
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                //判断响应体Entity是否不为空
                if (response.getEntity() != null) {
                    //下载图片
                    //获取图片的后缀
                    String extName = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("."));

                    //创建图片名，重命名图片
                    String picName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + extName;

                    if (!targetPath.endsWith(String.valueOf(File.separatorChar))) {
                        targetPath += File.separatorChar;
                    }
                    String fullPath = targetPath + picName;
                    //下载图片
                    //声明OutPutStream
                    OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File(fullPath));
                    response.getEntity().writeTo(outputStream);

                    //返回图片名称
                    return fullPath;
                }
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //关闭response
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        //如果下载失败，返回空串
        return "";
    }


    /**
     * 以jsonString形式发送HttpPost的Json请求，String形式返回响应结果
     *
     * @param url
     * @param jsonString
     * @return
     */
    public static String sendPostJsonStr(String url, String jsonString) throws IOException {
        if (jsonString == null || jsonString.isEmpty()) {
            return post(url);
        }
        String resp = "";
        StringEntity entityStr = new StringEntity(jsonString,
                ContentType.create("text/plain", "UTF-8"));
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setEntity(entityStr);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            resp = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    log.error(e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
        if (resp == null || resp.equals("")) {
            return "";
        }
        return resp;
    }

    public static String sendPostMap(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
        if (paramMap == null || paramMap.isEmpty()) {
            return post(url);
        }

        List<NameValuePair> nvps = new LinkedList<NameValuePair>();
        for (String key : paramMap.keySet()) {
            nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, paramMap.get(key))); // 参数
        }
        String resp = "";
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8)); // 设置参数
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            resp = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    log.error(e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
        if (resp == null || resp.equals("")) {
            return "";
        }
        return resp;
    }

    /**
     * 发送不带参数的HttpPost请求
     *
     * @param url
     * @return
     */
    public static String post(String url) throws IOException {
        // 1.获得一个httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        // 2.生成一个post请求
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 3.执行get请求并返回结果
            response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        // 4.处理结果，这里将结果返回为字符串
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        try {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
        } catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 带参的get请求
     *
     * @param url
     * @param param
     * @return
     * @throws ClientProtocolException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String get(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
        if (param != null) {
            StringBuilder url_ = new StringBuilder(url);
            boolean isFirst = true;
            for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                if (isFirst) {
                    url_.append("?");
                } else {
                    url_.append("&");
                    isFirst = false;
                }
                url_.append(key).append("=").append(param.get(key));
            }
            url = url_.toString();
        }
        // 1.获得一个httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        // 2.生成一个get请求
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 3.执行get请求并返回结果
            response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        // 4.处理结果，这里将结果返回为字符串
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        try {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
        } catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 不带参的get请求
     *
     * @param url
     * @return
     * @throws ClientProtocolException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String get(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
        return get(url, null);
    }

    /**
     * 发送xml参数的请求，常用于微信开发。
     *
     * @param url
     * @param xmlParam
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String sendPostXml(String url, String xmlParam) throws IOException {
        // 1.获得一个httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        // 2.生成一个post请求
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
        if (xmlParam != null) {
            httppost.setEntity(new StringEntity(xmlParam, Consts.UTF_8));
        }
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 3.执行get请求并返回结果
            response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        // 4.处理结果，这里将结果返回为字符串
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        try {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8);
        } catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 发送带ssl的post请求，专门用户微信  企业到零钱
     *
     * @param url
     * @param xmlParam
     * @param path
     * @param mchid
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String sendSSlPostXml(String url, String xmlParam, String path,  String mchid) throws Exception {
        // 1.获得一个httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
                .setConnectionManager(cm)
                .setSSLSocketFactory(loadSsl(path, mchid))
                .build();
        // 2.生成一个post请求
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
        if (xmlParam != null) {
            httppost.setEntity(new StringEntity(xmlParam, Consts.UTF_8));
        }
        httppost.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml");
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 3.执行get请求并返回结果
            response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        // 4.处理结果，这里将结果返回为字符串
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        try {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8);
        } catch (ParseException | IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 加载微信ssl证书
     *
     * @param path   证书路径
     * @param mchid  商户mchid
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory loadSsl(String path,  String mchid) throws Exception {
        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
        //加载本地的证书进行https加密传输
        FileInputStream instream = new FileInputStream(new File(path));
        try {
            //加载证书密码，默认为商户密钥
            keyStore.load(instream, mchid.toCharArray());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (CertificateException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            instream.close();
        }
        // Trust own CA and all self-signed certs
        SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.custom().loadKeyMaterial(keyStore, mchid.toCharArray()).build();
        // Allow TLSv1 protocol only
        SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext,
                new String[]{"TLSv1"}, null,
                SSLConnectionSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
        return sslsf;
    }

}

测试 ​

java
import ch.qos.logback.classic.Level;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;

public class Test3 {
    static {
        LoggerContext loggerContext = (LoggerContext) LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory();
        List<Logger> loggerList = loggerContext.getLoggerList();
        loggerList.forEach(logger -> {
            logger.setLevel(Level.INFO);
        });
    }
    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        String url = "https://www.baidu.com/";
        String html = HttpClientUtil.doGetHtml(url);
        System.out.println(html);
    }

    @Test
    public void test2() throws Exception {
        String url = "https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1149398/202109/1149398-20210928171248706-226007316.gif";
//        String url = "https://blog.share888.top/logo.png"; // 这个下载报错  ssl的问题
        String targetPath = "C:\\Users\\Think\\Desktop";
        String html = HttpClientUtil.doGetImage(url,targetPath);
        System.out.println(html);
    }
    @Test
    public void test3() throws Exception {
        System.out.println(File.separator);
        System.out.println(File.separatorChar);
        System.out.println(File.pathSeparator);
    }
}

okhttp ​

依赖 ​

xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
    <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
    <version>4.9.3</version> <!-- 请根据需要选择版本 -->
</dependency>

get请求 ​

java
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
import okhttp3.HttpUrl;

import java.io.IOException;

public class OkHttpExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

        // 添加请求参数
        String url = "http://example.com/api"; // 替换为实际请求的URL
        HttpUrl urlWithParams = HttpUrl.parse(url).newBuilder()
                .addQueryParameter("param1", "value1")
                .addQueryParameter("param2", "value2")
                .build();

        // 构建请求
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(urlWithParams)
                .addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer your_token") // 替换为实际Token
                .addHeader("Cookie", "name=value")
                .build();

        try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            // 打印响应结果
            if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                System.out.println("Response Body: " + response.body().string());
            } else {
                System.out.println("Unexpected code " + response);
            }

            // 打印返回头信息
            System.out.println("Response Headers:");
            for (String name : response.headers().names()) {
                System.out.println(name + ": " + response.header(name));
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

post请求 ​

java
import okhttp3.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class OkHttpExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String url = "http://example.com/api"; // 替换为实际的 URL
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

        // 构建请求体
        MediaType JSON = MediaType.get("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        String json = "{\"param1\":\"value1\",\"param2\":\"value2\"}"; // 替换为实际的参数
        RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(json, JSON);
        
        // 构建请求
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .post(body)
                .addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer your_token") // 替换为实际的 token
                .addHeader("Cookie", "key=value") // 替换为实际的 cookie
                .build();

        try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
            // 打印响应结果
            if (!response.isSuccessful()) {
                throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
            }

            System.out.println("Response: " + response.body().string());

            // 打印返回头信息
            System.out.println("Response Headers:");
            for (String name : response.headers().names()) {
                System.out.println(name + ": " + response.header(name));
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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